If you are buying a student violin it will already have a bow, a case, a chinrest and, in most cases, a rosin, all the basics you need to get started.
If you are starting out with a teacher they may want you to purchase a shoulder rest or some even start out with just a sponge for smaller sizes. Most teachers would suggest a tutor book which you will have to buy. A music stand is always useful although not essential.
One piece of equipment often deemed non-essential is a violin stand but we would highly recommend one, not only to ensure your instrument’s safety but then it is also always readily available encouraging you to practice.